2012年成人高考專升本英語備考復(fù)習(xí)(16)

2012年成人高考專升本英語備考復(fù)習(xí)(16)

被動(dòng)句的主語實(shí)際上是主動(dòng)句的賓語，主動(dòng)句變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句時(shí)，主語往往被省略。

　　We asked the teacher to explain the difficult sentences again.-The teacher was asked to explain the difficult sentences again.

　　I found a poor girl lying on the ground.-The poor girl was found lying on the ground

　　My mother bought me a pair of new shoes.-I was bought a pair of new shoes; -A pair of new shoes was bought for me.

　　When we came to the theatre， we found all the seats occupied.-When we came to the theatre， all the seats were found occupied.

　　They paint their houses white in spring.-Their houses are painted white in spring.

　　The people in the town recognize him as a genius.-He is recognized as a genius by the people in the town.

　　有些動(dòng)詞，如let， make， hear， see， watch， notice， have(讓，使)， feel 等，在主動(dòng)語態(tài)中，其后面的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)to 被省略，但在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中需將to表達(dá)出來。在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中，如果一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句中有兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞，后一動(dòng)詞一定要加to.

　　I saw him turn round the corner.-He was seen to turn round the corner.

　　The teacher made the students copy the sentences many times until they could make sentences themselves.-The students were made to copy the sentences many times until they could make sentences themselves.

　　含有被動(dòng)意義的主動(dòng)語態(tài)：

　　(1)某些連系動(dòng)詞，如smell， taste， sound， prove， feel.

　　The flowers smell sweet.

　　The food tastes nice.

　　(2) 某些與can't， won't 等連用的不及物動(dòng)詞， 如move， lock， shut， open.

　　It can't move.(不能說 It can't be moved.)

　　The door won't shut.

(3) 某些可和well， easily等副詞連用的不及物動(dòng)詞，如read， write， wash， clean， draw， burn， cook.

　　The cloth washes well.

　　The poem reads smoothly.

　　The meat is cooking.

　　動(dòng)詞的語態(tài)部分主要應(yīng)掌握被動(dòng)語態(tài)的基本用法及其在不同的時(shí)態(tài)中的表現(xiàn)形式。

　　1.It remains a question when the new classroom building _________.

　　A. will be completed B. had been completed

　　C. would be completed D. has been completed

　　(答案 A)

　　2.My mother knows Jane; they _____ to each other at a party.

　　A. have been introduced B. are introduced

　　C. were introduced D. had been introduced

　　(主動(dòng)語態(tài)：introduce sb. to sb.)

　　(答案 C)

　　被動(dòng)語態(tài)部分還須特別注意動(dòng)詞make， hear， see等詞，其后面用動(dòng)詞不定式作補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，to 應(yīng)該保留。

　　Those who won't work should be made to work.

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