自考“英漢翻譯教程”復(fù)習(xí)筆記（5）

　　UNIT 4 ECONOMY

　　1. President Clinton realized——as al of us must—— that today‘s economy is global.

　　正如每個(gè)人必須認(rèn)識(shí)到的那樣，克林頓總統(tǒng)認(rèn)識(shí)到當(dāng)今的經(jīng)濟(jì)具有全球性質(zhì)。

　　2. 1977， the sum total of Chinese imports and exports was less than $15 billion， putting China‘s share of world at 0.6 percent. The most populous country in the world， China ranked a distant 30th among exporting nations. By 1993 China’s exports and imports totaled nearly $200 billion. China had become the world‘s tenth largest exporter.

　　在1977年，中國進(jìn)出口總額還不到150億美元，僅占世界貿(mào)易總額的0.6%， 世界上人口最多的中國在出口國家中排名靠后，僅是第30位，到1993年，中國進(jìn)出口總額接近2000億美元，它已成為每10個(gè)最大的出口國。

　　3. Per capita GNP has grown at an average rate of 7.6% from 1980-1992.

　　從1980年至1992年，人均國民生產(chǎn)總值平均增長(zhǎng)率為7.6%.

　　4. But the importance of trade in our economy has exploded in the past three decades. In 1970， the value of two way trade was equal to just 13% of the US economy. Last year， that figure， at 28%， was more than twice as high. In just the last seven years， jobs supported by US exports have risen by 4 million， to a total of 11 million. That‘s almost one out of ten American jobs. Last year US trade equaled $1.8 trillion dollars.

　　但在過去30年中，我們經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易的重要性大大地增加了，在1970年，雙邊貿(mào)易的總值占了整個(gè)美國經(jīng)濟(jì)的13%.去年上升到28%，比1970年增加了一倍多。就在過去7年中，美國的出口創(chuàng)造的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)增加了400萬個(gè)。總數(shù)上升到1100萬個(gè)。這個(gè)數(shù)字就占美國就業(yè)總數(shù)的1/10.去年， 美國貿(mào)易總額達(dá)到了1.8億美元。

　　5. Nor is the importance of trade likely to diminish for either China or the United States. Foreign exchange.

　　無論是中國還是美國，都不會(huì)縮小貿(mào)易的重要性。  外匯。

　　6. Bilateral trade， the order of

　　雙邊貿(mào)易

　　7. sound foundation for future commercial and financial ties.

　　為未來貿(mào)易與金融關(guān)系打下了一個(gè)堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。

　　8. China‘s imports from the US， which amounted to $900 million in 1978， rose to nearly $ 3 billion in 1982. exports rose from $300 million to $ 2.3 billion during that period. Total Chinese trade has also risenj dramatically， from 1978 to 1983 Chinese exports increased from roughly 10 billion to 22 billion， while imports increased from 10 billion to just over 21 billion.

　　中國從美國的進(jìn)口額，從？？到由9億美元增至近30億美元，對(duì)美出口額在這期間也從3億美元增至23億美元。中國的對(duì)外貿(mào)易總額也急速攀升， 中國的出口額從1978年的約100億美元增至1982年的220億美元，進(jìn)口額與此同時(shí)也從100億美元增長(zhǎng)到了210多個(gè)億美元。

　　9. joint ventures.  Offshore oil exploration

　　合資企業(yè)，  海上石油勘測(cè)

　　10. there are reasons to be optimistic and to expect that commercial and financial relationships will grow in the future.

　　我們有理由保持樂觀的態(tài)度，有理由相信，未來貿(mào)易與金融關(guān)系會(huì)繼續(xù)發(fā)展。

　　11. Food production， industrial production. Light industries.

　　糧食產(chǎn)量， 工業(yè)生產(chǎn)， 輕工業(yè)

　　12. I believe Chinese economic authorities recognize the problem and the next Five-Year Plan will address it effectively.

　　我相信中國的經(jīng)濟(jì)管理部門已認(rèn)識(shí)到這個(gè)問題，在下一個(gè)“五年計(jì)劃”中定會(huì)有效地解決這一問題。

　　13. Britain lives by commerce. With 2% of the world‘s population， we are the world’s fifth largest trading nation. We rely more than any other major economy on the goods and services that we export， the investment that we attract and we make abroad.

　　英國的生存依賴貿(mào)易。 雖然英國人口只占全球的2%， 它卻是世界第五大貿(mào)易國。英國對(duì)商品和服務(wù)出口以及對(duì)投資和引資的依賴超過了世界上其他主要經(jīng)濟(jì)體。

　　14.outward investor， net income， the share of foreign investment.

　　海外投資， 凈收入，

　　15. what this means is that Britain has direct experience of the benefits that international trade and investment generate.

　　這意味著英國直接享受到了國際投資所帶來的利益。， 國際投資的蓬勃發(fā)展符合我國利益。

　　16. that is the way to maximize her share of world markets； and——as the UK knows from direct experience——to attract the stimulus， the technology and the funding that inward investment can offer.

　　最大限度地?cái)U(kuò)大其在世界上的市場(chǎng)份額的方法， 英國從自身直接的經(jīng)歷中體會(huì)到，吸引外資可以帶來動(dòng)力，技術(shù)和資金。

　　17. 嚴(yán)復(fù)——<天演論>，信—忠實(shí)， 達(dá)—流暢， 雅—爾雅， 他并不十分重視“信”， 他說“譯文取明深義，故詞句之間，時(shí)有所顛倒附益，不斤斤于字比句次?！?周煦良教授在“翻譯三論”一文中說： 我認(rèn)為應(yīng)當(dāng)作為“得體”來理解。

　　18. multilateral disciplines. Brought this home. Zero-sum game. Finite stock. Donor and recipient.

　　多邊條約， 感觸頗深， 盈利損失總體持平， 經(jīng)濟(jì)利益增長(zhǎng)值， 投資方與被投資方

　　19. 立足國內(nèi)資源， 實(shí)現(xiàn)糧食基本自給， 是中國解決糧食供需問題的基本方針。

　　The basic principle for solving the problem of grain supply and demand in China is to reply on the domestic resources and basically achieve self-sufficiency in grain.