2015年湖北成人高考高起點(diǎn)英語復(fù)習(xí)筆記名詞（5）

湖北2015年成人高考高起點(diǎn)英語復(fù)習(xí)筆記名詞（5）

　　2015年湖北成人高考將于10月24、25日舉行，湖北成人高考網(wǎng)整理了2015年湖北成人高考高起點(diǎn)英語復(fù)習(xí)筆記，希望對大家有幫助！

　　名詞的常用考點(diǎn)

　　考點(diǎn)1.牢記六個(gè)不可數(shù)名詞 不可數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，前面不能用數(shù)詞，但是可用some， any

　　information，weather，fun，progress，advice，furniture，

　　a. ________ important information it is！A. What B. What an

　　b. ________ nice weather it is today！ A. What B. What a

　　c. ________ fun it is！ A. What B. What a

　　d. Physics has made great progress in this century. And so has maths.

　　e. The doctor gave my father some advice on how to stop smoking.

　　f. She has to clean all the furniture in all the bedrooms in two hours.

　　g.It was fun to play on the beach that it attracted countless children.

　　［A］ such great ［B］ so great ［C］ such a great ［D］ so great a

　　考點(diǎn)2.有些名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式可以表示特別的意義

　　papers（報(bào)紙；
文件）；
works（工 廠；
著 作）；
looks（外 表）；

　　hairs（幾 根 頭 發(fā)）；
times（時(shí) 代）；
sands（沙灘）；

　　drinks（飲料）；
manners（禮貌）；
arms（武器）；

　　forces（軍隊(duì)） glasses

　　牢記五個(gè)名詞單復(fù)數(shù)形式可以表示特別意義的名詞

　　word / man difficulty room people population

　　a.當(dāng) word和man用作不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，前面不加冠詞，也不用復(fù)數(shù)形式時(shí)，它們的意義是：word（消息；
通知），man（人類）

　　Word came that the headmaster would come to talk to us.（消息）

　　Please send me word of your arrival.（通知）

　　Labor created man.（人類）

　　Quite a lot scientists have studied the origin of man in the last century.

　　b.have some difficulty in doing sth.

　　c.I am afraid that there isn't _____left for you two in my car. There are already five people in it.

　　A.many room B.any rooms C.any room many rooms

　　d……people作集合名詞用時(shí)，后面的謂語動(dòng)詞總是用復(fù)數(shù)形式

　　The people in the village like the new teacher.

　　但是，作"民族"解釋時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞，有復(fù)數(shù)形式：peoples；
作"全體公民"解釋時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

　　the peoples of Asia（亞洲各民族）

　　The Chinese people are a great people.（中華民族是一個(gè)偉大的民族。）

　　e.population具有集合名詞的一般用法

　　A：The population of China is largethan that of India.

　?。ㄖ袊丝诒扔《榷唷＃?/p>

　　B.Eighty percent of the population of China are peasants.

　?。ㄖ?國80%的人 口是農(nóng)民。）

　　考點(diǎn)3.集合名詞的數(shù)

　　一般地說，集合名詞只以單數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)。常見的有：family，police，cattle，team，people，government，class，group，audience（觀眾），public（公眾），crew（全體船員）等。當(dāng)這些名詞作主語時(shí)，若表示一個(gè)整體時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；
若表示集體的每一個(gè)成員時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

　　His family is a big family./ The whole family are watching TV now.

　　The government welcomes the proposal.（政府歡迎該建議。）

　　The government are discussing the proposal.（政府官員正在討論該建議。）

　　注意：

　?。?）police和cattle后面的謂語動(dòng)詞總是用復(fù)數(shù)形式

　　Many cattle are kept on the farm.

　　Several hundred police are on duty.

　　考點(diǎn)4.of+抽象數(shù)=相應(yīng)的形容詞

　　of+geat+抽象名詞=very+相應(yīng)的形容詞

　　of+no+抽象名詞=not+相應(yīng)的形容詞（or -less， un-）

　　這樣的抽象名詞主要有：importance，value，use，help

　　The dictionary is of great use/help.=The dictionary is very useful/helpful.

　　The meeting is of great importance.=The meeting is very important.

　　Ginseng is of great medicine value. （西洋參具有很高的藥用價(jià)值。）

　　Your advice is of great value to us=Your advice is very valuable to us

　　His suggestion is of no use=His suggestion is not useful

　　That program is of great interest to the children

　　=That program is very interesting to the children

　　但是，of+color／age／height／width常用來表示具有同樣的顏色、年齡、高度、寬度等等。

　　These two jackets are of the same color.（這兩件夾克衫顏色一樣。）

　　We're of the same age.（我們年齡一樣大。）

　　考點(diǎn)5.to+抽象名詞常表示喜、怒、哀、樂

　　to one's surprise（令人驚訝地）；
to one's joy/delight（令人高興地）；

　　to one'sdisappointment（令人失望地）；
to one's shame（令人羞愧地）

　　考點(diǎn)6.名詞作定語

　　名詞作定語一般用單數(shù)

　　eg. mountain areas山區(qū) apple pies蘋果派

　　color TV's彩色電視機(jī) machine guns機(jī)關(guān)機(jī)

　　the school bus學(xué)校的班車

　　a shoe shop/ a stone bridge/ a mountain village/

　　the ticket office/ war stories/ book leaves/ vegetable garden

　　[例外]savings account儲蓄存款帳戶 women's college女子學(xué)院

　　girls's high school女子中學(xué)

　　man，woman作定語與后面的名詞的數(shù)一致

　　eg，a man doctor——two men doctors

　　sports運(yùn)動(dòng)，作定語一般用復(fù)數(shù) eg. A sports car/ sports shoes/ a sports meet/ the sports field

　　sport（單數(shù)）表示具體的運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目 eg.Which sport were you in yesterday？

　　「例句」I walked too much yesterday and ________are still aching now. （CET-4 1995，6）

　　A） my leg's muscles B） my muscles of leg

　　C） my leg muscles D） my muscle's of the leg

　　本題為名詞作定語，不用所有格形式，故正確答案為C.

　　類似的用法還有：a woman doctor，a straw hat，a paper cover.

　　「例句」Now people use the word MS instead of Miss or Mrs before the name of______ in business 'letters.

　　A）woman manager B）women manager

　　C）woman managers D）women managers

　　考點(diǎn)7.復(fù)合形容詞中的名詞必須用單數(shù)

　　eg. two-minute ride seven five-yuan notes

　　a nine-foot-tall tree a three-year old三歲的小孩

　　a seven-day holiday七天的假期

　　a 200-meter-high building二百米高的大廈

　　注意名詞所有格和復(fù)合形容詞的用法

　　eg.二十分鐘的路程 twenty minutes' walk

　　a twenty-minute walk

　　「例句」Despite the wonderful acting and well developed plot the movie could not hold our________ attention. （CET-1996，1）

　　A） three-hours B） three-hour C） three-hours' D） three-hour's

　　three-hour為復(fù)合形容詞，作定語不能加's.另外，復(fù)合形容詞作定語，其中名詞保持單數(shù)，故A、C、D都不對。正確答案為B.三個(gè)小時(shí)的電影也可以表達(dá)為：three hours' movie .　

　　考點(diǎn)8.表示時(shí)間的名詞前有one，some，this，that，last，next，every，all等修飾時(shí)，前面不再用介詞：

　　eg. 1. One day I happened to meet her on my way back from school.

　　2.He kept washing all day.

　　3.Next morning I will leave for the USA to study English.

　　考點(diǎn)9.最高級形容詞前如有名詞，要用所有格形式，如有數(shù)詞，要用序數(shù)詞形式，如：

　　the world's highest mountain世界最高的山

　　the country's largest library國家最大的圖書館

　　the second longest river in China中國第二長河

　　考點(diǎn)10. 表示數(shù)量的hundred，thousand，million，dozen，（打），score（二十）的用法

　?。?）表示確定數(shù)目時(shí)，不加s：five hundred（thousand，million）students；
six dozen pens

　?。?）表示不確定數(shù)目時(shí)，加s并且與of連用：hundreds of students；
dozens（scores）of people

　?。?）many， several等修飾dozen，score時(shí)，不用復(fù)數(shù)，也不用of：many/several dozen pencils，但是當(dāng)名詞前有限定詞或事物本身為人稱代詞，必須加 of：

　　a dozen of these people/eggs；
two score of such books；

　　two dozen of them two dozen eggs兩打雞蛋

　　four score and seven years ago八十七年前

　　dozens of students幾十名學(xué)生 hundred of horses上千匹馬

　　millions of people上千萬人

　　He has flow two hundred miles to get here

　　他坐飛機(jī)飛了兩百英里趕到這里。

　　Millions of people come to visit this city every year

　　每年有幾百萬人來這個(gè)城市參加。

　　12.自我檢測

　?。?） The_____of the cottage were covered with_________.

　　A. roofs；
leafs B.roofs；
leaves C.roovws；
leafs D.rooves；
leaves

　?。?） That shop sells_______clothing.

　　A.child's and woman's B.children and women's C.children's and women D.children's and women's

　?。?） There are five_______ in our clinic.

　　A.woman doctor B.woman doctors C.women doctor D.women doctors

　　（4）——What can I do for you？ ——I'd like to have a ____of China Daily.

　　A.piece B.sheet C.copy D.lot

　?。?）If these shoes are too big， ask him to bring you a small________.

　　A.pair B.one C.suit D.piece

　?。?）The advertisements in newspapers help to cut the _____of making newspapers.

　　A.value B.price C.cost D.pay

　　（7）Mr.smith had no______in finding his teacher's address.

　　A.difficulty B.difficulties C.troubles D.mistakes

　?。?）______it is to have a swim in hot summer！

　　A.What a fun B. What fun C.How fun D.How a fun

　?。?）It is bad______to speak with your mouth full.

　　A.way B.manner C.manners D.methods

　　（10）You should pay much_______to your pronunciation.

　　A.interest B.notice C.money D.attention

　　Answer BDDCA CABCD

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