2015年湖北考研《英語》模擬試題及答案一

湖北2015年考研《英語》模擬試題及答案一

　　
Part I Structure and Vocabulary
　　Section A
　　Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked A,B,C and D)Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (5 points)
　　1. Mr.Jones, I am really pleased _____ you. And I hope we will be able to see each other in not long time.
　　A) to meet
　　B) to have met
　　C) at meeting
　　D) having met
　　2. The two astronauts _____ someday hope it is to fly the craft into earth orbit were fighttesting.
　　A) that
　　B) whom
　　C) whose
　　D) who
　　3. The meeting _____ in October, but the plan has been put off again and again.
　　A) was to have been held
　　B) ought to have held
　　C) was to be held
　　D) must have been held
　　4. It's true that the old road is less direct and a bit bumpy. We won't take the new one _____ because we feel as safe on it.
　　A) however
　　B) though
　　C) nevertheless
　　D) whatsoever
　　5. Every device _____ in the spacecraft must be designed and made with great care so as to be sure that nothing goes wrong in operation.
　　A) to be fitted
　　B) fitted
　　C) fitting
　　D) to have been fitted
　　6. There are many kinds of synthetic materials, _____ plastics are the most common.
　　A) between which
　　B) of which
　　C) in which
　　D) among which
　　7. I don't believe you are going to have the matter looked into today, _____?
　　A) are you
　　B) do you
　　C) aren't you
　　D) don't you
　　8. _____ that a society like the National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to children is still needed in a civilized country.
　　A) How does it come
　　B) How it comes
　　C) How did it come about
　　D) How did it come
　　9. When we encounter more difficulties, we should be more spirited, and we should be more courageous _____.
　　A) the more danger we are in
　　B) the more in danger we are
　　C) we are in more danger
　　D) we are in danger more
　　10. While the total number of farmers engaged in the agriculture production is barely half _____ it used to be in 1959, the size of the average farm has tripled.
　　A) that
　　B) what
　　C) which
　　D) how
　　Section B
　　Directions: Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A,B,C and D)Identify the part of the sentence that is incorrect and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.(5 points)
　　11. I often wonder(A) what(B) my life would be like if I didn't go(C) to the beach that afternoon when I was 14(D).
　　12. After teaching(A) in Renmin University's MBA center for five years, I come(B) to realize that even if(C) political and economic barriers are overcome(D) a major hurdle remains - culture!.
　　13. Since the United States and Canada academic exchanges(A) in 1979, colleges sand universities in America have responded with(B) great enthusiasm, as(C) has(D) their counterparts from the PRC.
　　14. Many young consumers do not have(A) steady incomes, so(B) they might have difficulty to borrow(C) money from an agency in business to make loans(D).
　　15. I cannot come to your dinner party tonight. I was(A) really glad to(B), but I have(C) a precious engagement(D).
　　16. Panic increased the(A) number of casualties as people jumped into the frozen(B) water or fought to be(C) among the few to board(D) the lifeboats.
　　17. He often advised Tom not to(A) smoke more cigarettes than is(B) good for(C) his health, but all his efforts ended in vain(D).
　　18. Change purse, cosmetics, and whatever(A) a woman thinks has(B) to carry, I hide in(C) several paper bags in a see-through(D) shopping bag.
　　19. There is always resistance to the idea that(A) it is because the birth rate fell earlier in western and nothwestern Europe than elsewhere(B), rather than because(C) if any change in the death rate, which(D) a nation has grown so old.
　　20. I'll be much obliged(A) if you will be(B) so kind enough(C) as to make suggestions as to(D) how we may improve our work.
　　Section C
　　Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked A,B,C and D)Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)
　　21. To acquire education is principal way of gaining status in a culture that generally stresses achievement, skillfulness, and upward _____.
　　A)mobility
　　B)motivation
　　C)ambition
　　D)promotion
　　22. In order to convince the director to agree on their plan, they _____ a number of reports which supported their argument.
　　A)brought out
　　B)brought forth
　　C)call forth
　　D)put forward
　　23. These young people have much to be dissastisfied with, and they sometimes do _____, but on the whole they study hard, knowing the problems the states is facing.
　　A)grumble
　　B)frustrate
　　C)frown
　　D)perplex
　　24. Members of the party all appreciate Jackson's wanting to help them _____ their difficulties.
　　A)come over
　　B)tide over
　　C)take over
　　D)smooth over
　　25. I have offered a prediction that the reforms run a very high risk of being _____ by a general collapse of confidence in the ruble.
　　A)set back
　　B)let down
　　C)hold back
　　D)run down
　　26. This apartment could _____ a family of ten in a minimal space by using sofas，and dual-purpose furniture，all built-in.
　　A)reside
　　B)possess
　　C)embrace
　　D)accommodate
　　27. All experts agree that the most important consideration with diet drugs is carefully _____ the risks and benefits.
　　A)weighing
　　B)valuing
　　C)evaluating
　　D)distinguisting
　　28. If English is not our first language you can often be puzzled by ways of expression that the native speakers of English does not even have to _____ .
　　A)think out
　　B)think about
　　C)think over
　　D)think for
　　29. The bond of true affection had pulled us six very different men from six very different countries across Antarctica;we proved in the end that we weren't very different _____ .
　　A)for all
　　B)as usual
　　C)after all
　　D)in particular
　　30. No longer are contributions to computer technology confined to any one country. _____ is this more true than in Europe.
　　A)Hardly
　　B)Little
　　C)Seldom
　　D)Nowhere
　　31. That summer I drove west with a friend，and we _____ a little money doing odd jobs and as much as possible visited his relatives.
　　A)picked up
　　B)stepped up
　　C)put aside
　　D)set aside
　　32. The body apparently resents being dosed with unusual amounts of a vitamin or mineral and its first _____ is to excrete them.
　　A)reaction
　　B)impulse
　　C)response
　　D)instinct
　　33. It is true that there are still abundant reserves of metals which have not yet been _____ ，but it is necessary to take steps to ensure that alternative materiasls are substituted whenever possible.
　　A)utilized
　　B)mobilized
　　C)acquired
　　D)cultivated
　　34. Researchers _____ that genes may determine the strength of the immune system，which could help explain how an infectious disease could have a hereditary link.
　　A)speculate
　　B)estimate
　　C)evaluate
　　D)anticipate
　　35. She had on the dress that I used to admire more than anything else in her possession a light blue one _____ prettily with lace.
　　A)ornamented
　　B)trimmed
　　C)furnished
　　D)decorated
　　36. In a sense，tennis and Taijiquan are similar in that they both require your full attention，and if done _____ ，take your mind off daily problems and preoccupations.
　　A)successfully
　　B)consecutively
　　C)conscientiously
　　D)compulsorily
　　37. Such apartments as she saw were either disgustingly dirty or _____ dear,or both.
　　A)exceedingly
　　B)substantially#p#分頁標題#e#
　　C)unaccountably
　　D)excessively
　　38. Deprived of the financial means to remain independent，Thomas Edison was compelled to _____ employment as a night telephone operator.
　　A)obtain
　　B)chase
　　C)explore
　　D)seek
　　39. Under her administration，claim the critics， _____ high-rise construction has destroyed the character of the city's downtown，darkening its streets and driving business.
　　A)rapid
　　B)rampant
　　C)speedy
　　D)random
　　40. When the tank can carrying poisonous gas ran off the rails，the firemen tried to _____ the village from all traffic.
　　A)dismiss
　　B)insulate
　　C)isolate
　　D)expel
　　
Part Ⅱ Cloze Test
　　Directions: For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices labelled A,B,C and D) Choose the best one and put your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)
　　Throughout history, gold has been a precious material, eagerly sought and cherished. It was probably the first metal to be 41 because it is beautiful and imperishable, and because beautiful objects can be made from it even with 42 tools. However, the amount of gold known to ancient peoples probably 43 not much more than the amount produced each year by the world's largest gold mine in South Africa.
　　The intrinsic value of gold has always been known, even before gold was used in coinage. It 44 the only universally recognized standard of value in international monetary 45 .Most of the world's 46 gold is absorbed by governments and central banks to provide backing for paper 47 ,but the amount of gold used in the arts and in industry is 48 .In 49 to its use for jewelry,decorative finishes,and dentistry, its special properties have 50 many applications in modern science and technology.
　　41.A)mined B)discovered C)purchased D)manufactured
　　42.A)delicate B)primitive C)sophisticated D)ingenious
　　43.A)added B)summed C)amounted D)totalled
　　44.A)remains B)is remained C)remains as D)remains of
　　45.A)exchange B)exhibition C)expedition D)excursion
　　46.A)reformed B)refined C)resolved D)reclaimed
　　47.A)production B)currency C)replacement D)distribution
　　48.A)stabilizing B)decreasing C)increasing D)recovering
　　49.A)comparison B)compensation C)standardization D)addition
　　50.A)drawn from B)derived from C)led to D)resorted to
　　
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension
　　Directions: Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each question there are four answers marked A,B,C and D)Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Then mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET I by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil.(40 points)
　　Passage 1
　　The full influence of mechanization began shortly after 1850, when a variety of machines came rapidly into use. The introduction of these machines frequently created rebellions by workers who were fearful that the machines would rob them of their work. Patrick Bell, in Scotland, and Cyrus McCormick, in United States, produced threshing machines. Ingrnious improvements were made in plows to compensate for different soil types. Stream power came into use in 1860s on large farms. Hay rakes, hay-loaders, and various special harvesting mechines were produced. Milking machines appeared. The internal-combustion engine run by gasline became the chief power source for the farm.
　　In time, the number of certain farm machines that came into use skyrocketed and changed the nuture of farming. Between 1940 and 1960, for example, 12 million horses and mules gave way to 5 million tractors. Tractors offer many features that are attractive to farmers. There are, for example, numerous attachments: cultivators that can penetrate the soil to varying depths, rotary hoes that chop needs; spray devices that can spray pesticides in bands 100 feet across, and many others.
　　A piece of equipment has now been invented or adapted for virtually every laborious hand or animal operation on the farm. In the United States, for example, cotton, tobacco, hay, and grain are planted, treated for pests and diseases, fertilized, cultivated and harvested by machine. Large devices shake fruit and nut from trees, grain and blend feed, and dry grain and hay. Equipment is now available to put just the right amount of fertilizer in just the right place, to spray an exact row width, and to count out, space, and plant just the right number of seeds for a row.
　　Mechanization is not used in agriculture in many parts of Latin America, Africa. Agriculture innovation is accepted fastest where agriculture is already profitable and progressive. Some mechanization has reached the level of plantation agriculture ub parts of the tropics, but even today much of that land us laboriously worked by people leading draft animals pulling primitive plows.
　　The problems of mechanization some areas are not only cultural in nature. For examples, tropical soils and crops differ markedly from those in temperate areas that the machines are designed for, so adaptations have to be made. But the greatest obstacle to machanization is the fear in underdeveloped countried that the workers who are displaced by machines would not find work elsewhere. Introducing mechanization into such areas requires careful planning.
　　51. The first paragraph uses several examples to convey the ideas that _____ .
　　A) the introduction of machines into agricultural work created rebellions on the part of the farmers
　　B) the use of internal-combustion engine as a shief power source for the farm produced great influence
　　C) the mechanization of agricultural work after 1850 gradually robbed many farmers of their work
　　D) ingenious improvements were made in farming machines in the 1860s to yield production
　　52. In the first sentence of the second paragraph，the word“skyrocketed”most probably means _____ .
　　A)became various
　　B)was updated
　　C)increased rapidly
　　D)remained the same
　　53. In the tropical areas， _____ .
　　A)mechanization is not yet used in agriculture
　　B)agriculture is accepted fastest
　　C)a lot of farm work is still done in the old way
　　D)mechanization is avoided to save primitive forest
　　54. By saying that“the problems of mechanizing some areas are not only cultural in nature，the author means _____ .
　　A)mechanization is not yet introduced in some areas for economic reasons
　　B)human and animal labour in some areas are less expensive
　　C)culture is not a factor in obstacling the introduction of mechanization
　　D)different kinds of mechanized farming tools are used in different cultures
　　Passage 2
　　Advertising is a form of selling. For thousands of years there have been inpiduals who have tried to persuade ohers to buy the food they have produced or the goods they have made or the services they can perform.
　　But the mass production of goods resulting from the Industrial Revolution in the 19th century made person-to-person selling less effucuent than it previously was for most products. The mass distribution of goods that followed the development of rail and highway systems made person-to-person selling too slow and expensive for almost all companies. At the same time, however, a growth in mass communication occurred first in newspapers and magzines, than radio and television that made mass selling possible. Advertising, then, is merely selling or selemanship functioning in the paid space or time of various mass communication media.
　　The objective of any advertisement is to convince people that it is in their best interests to take an action the advertiser is recommending. The action may be to purchase a product, go to a showroom to try the product, use a service, vote for political candidate, make a contribution, or even to join the army. Like any personal salesperson, the advertisement tries to persuade. The decision is the prospect's.
　　While advertising brings the economies of mass selling to the manufacturer, it produces benefits for the consumer ass well. Some of those economies are passed along to the purchaser so that the cost of a product sold primarily through advertising is usually far less than one sold through personal salespeople advertising brings people immediate news about products that have just come on the market. Finally, advertising pays for the programs on commercial television and radio and for about two thirds of the cost publishing magzines and newspapers.
　　55. Person　to　person sale failed to meet the need _____ .
　　A)when the Industrial Revolution started#p#分頁標題#e#
　　B)when goods began to be produced in great quantities
　　C)because trains replaced men in carrying goods around
　　D)as attention was shifted from distribution to production
　　56. From the last sentence of the second paragraph we learn _____ .
　　A) advertising is no different from person-to-person selling in substance
　　B) advertising extends sales promotion to a larger area
　　C) advertising has greatly improved the production of goods
　　D) it is very expansive to advertises a new product
　　57. By saying that“the decision is the prospect's”，the author means _____ .
　　A) advertisement often persuades people to buy what they don't really want
　　B) advertisement can never really influence people's ability to decide
　　C) whether to buy an advertised product is up to the would-be customer
　　D) the effect of an advertisement on the public is difficult to determine
　　58. The last paragraph is mainly about _____ .
　　A)the cost of advertising a product
　　B)the effect of advertisement on people's lives
　　C)the benefits advertisement brings
　　D)various media for advertising products
　　Passage 3
　　Historians may well look back on the 1980s in the United States as a time of rising affluence side　by　side with rising poverty. The growth in affluence is attributable to an increase in professional and technical jobs, along with more two　career couples whose combined incomes provide a “comfortable living”.Yet simultaneously, the nation's poverty rate rose between 1973 and 1983 from 11.1 percent of the population to 15.2,or by well over a third. Although the poverty rate declined somewhat after 1983, it was still held at 13.5 percent in 1987, comprising a population of 32.5 million Americans.
　　The definition of poverty is a matter of debate. In 1795, a group of English magistrates decided that a minimum income should be “the cost of a gallon loaf of bread, multiplied by three, plus an allowance for each dependent”.Today the Census Bureau defines the threshold of poverty in the United States as the minimum amount of money that families need to purchase a nutritionally adequate diet, assuming they use one　third of their income for food. Using this definition, roughly half the American population was poor in the aftermath of the Great Depression of the 1930s. By 1950, the proportion of the poor had fallen to 30 percent and by 1964, to 20 percent. With the adoption of the Johnson administration's antipoverty programs, the poverty rate dropped to 12 percent in 1969.But since then, it has stopped falling. Liberals contend that the poverty line is too low because it fails to take into account changes in the standard of living. Conservatives say that it is too high because the poor receive other forms of public assistance, including food stamps, public housing subsidies, and health care.
　　59. In which of the following years did the poor people constitute the largest proportion of the American population?
　　A)1973
　　B)1987
　　C)1969
　　D)1983
　　60. It can be inferred that poverty _____ .
　　A)is defined very concretely in every period
　　B)is difficult to define in specific terms
　　C)is defined in material terms
　　D)is defined according to the standard of each decade
　　61. Those who consider the poverty line high points out that _____ .
　　A)the poor people enjoy other benefits
　　B)the society as a whole is not well　off
　　C)the poor people may conceal their real income
　　D)the poor people need less money to support themselves
　　62. In the eighties, the Americans as a whole _____ .
　　A)became richer
　　B)became poorer
　　C)lived a poorer life than in the seventies
　　D)needed more jobs to support their families
　　Passage 4
　　The more women and minorities make their way into the ranks of management, the more they seem to want to talk about things formerly judged to be best left unsaid.The newcomers also tend to see office matters with a fresh eye, in the process sometimes coming up with critical analyses of the forces that shape everyone's expenience in the organization.
　　Consider the novel views of Harvey Coleman of Atlanta on the subjest of getting ahead. Coleman is black. He spent 11 years with IBM, half of them working in management development, and now serves as a consultant to the likes of AT & T, Coca 　Cola, Prudential, and Merch. Coleman says that based on what he's seen at big companies, he weighs the different elements that make for long　term career success as follows: performance counts a mere 10%; image,30%; and exposure, a full 60%. Coleman concludes that excellent job performance is so common these days that while doing your work well may win you pay increases,it won't secure you the big promotion.
　　He finds that advancement more often depends on how many people know you and your work, and how high up they are.
　　Ridiculous beliefs? Not to many people, especially many women and members of minority races who, like Coleman, feel that the scales have dropped from their eyes. “Women and blacks in organizations work under false beliefs,”says Kaleel Jamison, a New York　based management consultant who helps corporations deal with these issues. “They think that if you work hard, you'll get ahead that soneone in authority will reach down and give you a promotion.” She added, “Most women and blacks are so fightened that people will think they've gotten ahead because of their sex or color that they play down their visibility.” Her advice to those folks: learn the ways that white males have traditionally used to find their way into the spotlight.
　　63. According to the passage，“things formerly judged to be best left unsaid”(Para.1)probably refers to“ _____ ”.
　　A)the opinions which contradict the established beliefs
　　B)criticisms that shape everyone's experience
　　C)the tendencies that help the newcomers to see office matters with a fresh eye
　　D)the ideas which usually come up with new ways of management in the organization
　　64. To achieve success in your career，the most important factor，according to the passage，is to _____ .
　　A)work as a consultant to your superiors
　　B)project a favorable image to the people around you
　　C) let your superiors know how good you are
　　D)perform well your tasks given by your superiors
　　65. The reason why women and blacks play down their visibility is that they _____ .
　　A)know that someone in authority will reach down and give them a promotion
　　B)don't want people to think that their promotions were due to sex or color
　　C)don't want to give people the impression that they work under false beliefs
　　D)believe they can get promoted by reason of their sex or color
　　66. The best title for this passage would be _____ .
　　A)The Importance of Being Visible
　　B)Role of Women and Minorities in Management
　　C)Job Performance and Advancement
　　D)Sex and Career Success
　　Passage 5
　　I came to live here where I am now between Wounded Knee Creek and Grass Creek. Others came too, and we made there little gray houses of logs that you see, and they are square. It is a bad way to live, for there can be no power in a square.
　　You have noticed that everything an Indian does is in a circle, and that is because the Power of the World always works in circles, and everything tries to be round. In the old days when we were a strong and happy people, all our power came to us from the sacred hoop of the nation, and so long as the hoop was unbroken, the people flourished.The flowering tree was the living center of the hoop, and the circle of the four quarters nourished it .The east gave peace and light, the south gave warmth, the west gave rain, and the north with its cold and mighty wind gave strength and endurance. This knowledge came to us from the outer world with our religion.
　　Everything the Power of the World does is done in a circle. The sky is round, and I have heard that the earth is round like a ball, and so are all the stars. The wind, in its greatest power, whirls. Birds make their nests in circles, for theirs is the same religion as ours. The sun comes forth and goes down again in a circle. The moon does the same, and both are round. Even the seasons form a great circle in their changing, and always come back again to where they were. The life of a man is a circle from childhood to childhood, and so it is in everything where power moves. Our tepees were round like the nests of birds, and these were always set in a circle, the nation's hoop, a nest of many nests,where the Great Spirit meant for us to hatch our children.#p#分頁標題#e#
　　But the Wasichus have put us in these square boxes. Our power is gone and we are dying, for the power is not in us any more. You can look at our boys and see how it is with us. When we were living by the power of the circle in the way we should, boys were men at twelve or thirteen years of age. But now it takes them very much longer to mature.
　　67. From the passage, we can see that the Indians _____ .
　　A)don't have modern facilities in their homes
　　B)are content to live where they are
　　C)are strongly dissatisfied with their present status
　　D)are demanding better housing conditions
　　68. To the narrator, roundness stands for _____ .
　　A)a future better life
　　B)the past glorious life
　　C)the past achievements of the Indians
　　D)nature around the Indians
　　69. In the third sentence of paragraph 2,the “four quarters”refers to _____ .
　　A)the four corners of the Indians' houses
　　B)the four elements that are believed to make up everything
　　C)the four seasons
　　D)the four directions
　　70. In the first sentence of paragraph 4, “Wasichus” probably refers to _____ .
　　A)the Indian's enemies
　　B)the white men
　　C)the Great Spirit
　　D)the Power of the World
　　
Part IV English　Chinese Translation
　　Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese.(15 points)
　　There's a lot of information technology packed between the leather cheeks of your wallet cheque cards，credit cards，travel cards，phone cards.(71) The world of finance in particular has come up with numerous devices that have made their way into our back pocket-to make it easier to spend，but，just as important，to keep track .The number of financial transactions in the UK has risen enormously in recent years.Excluding small daily cash deals，there are now more than 1000 transactions per person annually.(72) And for every one a record must be made of the sum，the parties involved and the purpose.
　　73) Plastic money is big business：there are more than 420 million Visa cards alone on the planet,worth something in the region of &700 billion,and the total of plastic transactions is expected to reach &4.8 billion in Britain by the end of the century.
　　Common to all cards is that they are made of PVC(plastic)and have ferro-magnetic strip on the back-the same stuff as video tape.On most strips，information(such as the current account number)is encoded by laser on two or three tracks.(74) What is never recorded on the strip is the PIN(personal identification number)-the holder's secret password for withdrawing money.
　　75) When a card is placed in an ATM，a motorized reader scans the magnetic strip，requests the user's PIN，checks the balance and，all being well，dispenses the cash. If the user enters three wrong PINs，the card is retained and recorded stolen.
　　As today's technology goes，the magnetic strip that allows all this to happen is pretty primitive：OK for travel cards and season tickets，but not a reliable anti-security measure.It can be read by simple scanning machines that can be bought over the counter at electronic stores.
　　With the introduction of smart cards and electronic money，security will cease to be a problem-at least for a while -and all other cards will be irrelevant.The wallet of the future may be slimmer，but the data in it will be denser than ever.
　　
Part V Writing (15 points)
　　Directions：
　　A)Title: On TV Viewing
　　B)You should write an essay on the outline below in no less than 150 words.
　　C)Your essay should be written on Answer Sheet II
　　Outlines：
　　1.Advantasges of TV Viewing
　　2.Disadvantasges of TV Viewing
　　3.Your comments on it.
　　
參考答案
　　Part I Structure and Vocabulary
　　Section A
　　1. (B)
　　從句意看， 是兩人在分手以前說的話，表明會晤已經(jīng)結(jié)束，因此應(yīng)用完成式;to be pleased/happy/glad(to do sth.)要求用不定式作狀語。只有B為正確答案。I am pleased to meet you是初次見面經(jīng)過介紹后的寒暄用語，注意與題句的區(qū)別。
　　2. (C)
　　whose在從句中作定語，相當于…it is(their hope)/the hope of the two astronauts to fly…。
　　3. (A)
　　此題可以從兩方面分析。第一，句子的主語是meeting，與“舉行”hold之間是受動關(guān)系，應(yīng)為被動結(jié)構(gòu)，據(jù)此，B可以排除。第二，此句是含蓄虛擬條件句，轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but引導(dǎo)的分句暗示“會議沒有開成”，而是“一次又一次地延期”，was to have done結(jié)構(gòu)表示與過去事實相反的含義，因此，A為正確答案。to be to do sth.可以表示“計劃”、“安排”等意義，但不表示虛擬即沒有實現(xiàn)的計劃、安排，所以C是錯的。D.must have done表示對過去事情的肯定推測，顯然與句意不符。
　　4. (B)
　　though在此處是副詞，意為“可是”、“不過”、“然而”，一般用在句尾，而however，nevertheless多用在句首或句中，從詞的使用位置上看A、C便是錯誤的。另外，nevertheless表示讓步意義，用在句中語義上不通。whatsoever是whatever的強調(diào)形式，意為“任何的”，放在所修飾的詞之后，但句子中已說明是new one(road)，可見不是“任何的(路)”，D也是錯誤的。
　　5. (A)
　　此處用不定式是指“(將)要裝配在宇宙飛船上的每個器械必須精心設(shè)計制做……”，我們知道不定式與動名詞的區(qū)別之一是不定式表示即將實現(xiàn)的動作，而動名詞可以表示已實現(xiàn)的動作。另外不定式在句中作device的定語，與它的關(guān)系是受動，所以C是錯誤的。fitted是過去分詞，作后置定語時表示一種狀態(tài)，與句意不符。如果選D，那么句子前后矛盾，因為后半句說明對器械的設(shè)計和制做還沒有進行，裝配怎么可能已經(jīng)完成了呢?所以D是錯誤的。
　　6. (D)
　　關(guān)系代詞which替代的是synthetic materials，實際上要求選擇的是介詞。between指兩者之間，而句子中是many kinds，of在與形容詞最高級連用表示比較范圍時，多用于all等確定的范圍，如of all the synthetic materials，plastics are the most common,而句中的many 是個不確定的概念。in在表示比較范圍時，后接的名詞多有整體范圍的含義，試比較：He is the best student in his class. He is the best student of the three . among“在……當中”，相當于…plastics are the most common among sythetic materials。
　　7. (A)
　　在I think (believe，suppose)等表示主觀意念、看法的句型中，結(jié)構(gòu)上要求從句謂語的否定要轉(zhuǎn)移至主句中，所以I don't believe you are going to…相當于I believe you are not going to…，而附加疑問句要在意義上而不是在結(jié)構(gòu)上與主句一致。因此選A不能選B或C。
　　8. (A)
　　首先應(yīng)分析出句子的時態(tài)環(huán)境是現(xiàn)在時，所以應(yīng)排除B、D。此句是疑問句，應(yīng)將助動詞does移至主語前，構(gòu)成疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)，因此只有A為正確答案。it是形式主語，that從句是實際主語。how does it come…意為“……怎么會……”。
　　9. (B)
　　句子要填充的部分是the more…“越……越……”結(jié)構(gòu)，the more在本句中修飾的是in danger，意為“越是處于危險狀況(越應(yīng)該勇敢)”。其他幾個選擇項都是錯誤的。
　　10. (B)
　　…half what it used to be 相當于half the number that it used to be，what既代替先行詞the number又引導(dǎo)一個從句，其他幾個選擇項均沒有這個功能。
　　Section B
　　11. (C)錯,應(yīng)改為hadn't gone
　　if引導(dǎo)的是假設(shè)條件句，動作又發(fā)生在過去(我十四歲時)，所以應(yīng)用與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣結(jié)構(gòu)hadn't gone。
　　12. (B)錯,應(yīng)改為have come
　　改為現(xiàn)在完成時，表示“在人民大學(xué)MBA中心教了五年書”這一經(jīng)歷對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響、結(jié)果。A中teaching可以不用having taught形式，因為after一詞本身有“以后”的含義，沒有錯。
　　13. (D)錯,應(yīng)改為have
　　題句的錯誤設(shè)置涉及主謂一致的問題。as引導(dǎo)的比較從句中主語是counterparts復(fù)數(shù)形式，因此謂語也應(yīng)采用相應(yīng)的復(fù)數(shù)形式have。注意：比較從句中如果主語是名詞短語，經(jīng)常采用主謂倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，尤其為主語較長時(如題句)，更是如此。例如：He contributed more to his country than did any of his contemporaries.#p#分頁標題#e#
　　14. (C)錯,應(yīng)改為borrowing
　　have difficulty/problem/trouble doing sth.是一個固定用法，只能接動名詞，不能接不定式。
　　15. (A)錯,應(yīng)改成would be
　　題句是一個含蓄虛擬條件句，第一句已經(jīng)明確說明“我不能去赴晚宴”，接下來應(yīng)理解為：“要能去的話我當然很高興了，但是……”。but一詞的轉(zhuǎn)折含義實際上否定了前半句的內(nèi)容，即“去不了”，所以A是錯的。另外，句子說的是現(xiàn)在的情況，was從時態(tài)上理解也不對。
　　16. (B)錯,應(yīng)改成freezing
　　freezing此處意為“冰冷的”，而過去分詞frozen表示一種狀態(tài)“冰凍的”，顯然是不能“跳入結(jié)冰的水中”，不符合邏輯，因為frozen water的含義是“水凍成了冰”。
　　17. (B)錯,應(yīng)改成are
　　比較從句中主語cigarettes為復(fù)數(shù)，這里省略了，所以謂語應(yīng)用are，與主語在數(shù)上保持一致。關(guān)于比較句中主語的省略，請看下例：
　　He said that the situation there was not so bad as(the situation)had been painted.
　　18. (B)錯,應(yīng)改成she has
　　she在think后接的賓語從句中作主語，是不能省略的，否則結(jié)構(gòu)上是錯誤的。
　　19. (D)錯,應(yīng)改成that
　　這是一個there be句型句子，主語是resistance to the idea，that從句是idea的同位語從句。其中it is…that…是強調(diào)句型，因為強調(diào)的內(nèi)容較長，故用了一個逗號，切不可將后半部分理解為限定性定語從句。
　　20. (C)錯,應(yīng)改成so kind，去掉enough
　　此處是so as to do sth. 結(jié)構(gòu)。也可以用…kind enough to make suggestions…。
　　Section C
　　21. (A)
　　mobilty在句中指“(在社會地位方面的)變動性”。motivation“動機”;ambition“上進心”、“進取”;promotion“提升”、“晉職”。句意為：“在一個重視成就、技能和社會地位的文化中，接受教育是獲取地位的主要途徑。”ambition和promotion本身含有upward的意思，用在句中不合適。
　　22. (B)
　　bring forth“提出”;bring out“使顯出”;call forth“喚起”;put forward“提出(建議、意見、理論)”，一般不與report構(gòu)成動賓語義結(jié)構(gòu)。
　　23. (A)
　　grumble“抱怨”，與complain同義;frustrate“挫敗”、“使感到灰心”，如果用被動語態(tài)be frustrated還講得通;frown“皺眉”;perplex“迷惑不解”。
　　24. (B)
　　tide over“渡過困難關(guān)”、“克服(困難)”;come over“過來”，注意不要與overcome混淆;take over“接管”;smooth over“平息”、“掩飾”。
　　25. (A)
　　set back“阻礙”、“推遲”、“延緩”;let down“放下”、“降低”、“使失望”;hold back“阻止”、“抑制”，用在句中形式不對，應(yīng)是過去分詞held back;run down“撞倒”、“追捕”。
　　26. (D)
　　accommodate“為……提供住宿”;reside“居住”，是非及物動詞;possess“擁有、占有”;embrace“擁抱”、“包含”。
　　27. (A)
　　weigh在句中的意思是“權(quán)衡(利弊)”;value“評價”、“估價”;evaluate“估價”、“評價”;distinguish“區(qū)別開”，常接between或distinguish…from…。
　　28. (B)
　　think about：exercise the power of thought“思考、考慮”;think over：reflect on，ponder“仔細考慮”;think out：subject to the process of logical thought in order to reach a conclusion“通過思考把……理出個頭緒，想出……”;think for不是固定搭配。根據(jù)句意“……講母語的人根本不用想就會用的表達方式”應(yīng)選think about。
　　29. (C)
　　after all“到底”、“畢竟”;for all“盡管”，引導(dǎo)表示讓步的詞組或句子不出現(xiàn)在句尾;as usual“照例”;in particular“尤其”。按句意“……最終證明我們畢竟沒有什么不同”，應(yīng)選after all。
　　30. (D)
　　題句中第二個句子是倒裝句，由否定詞置于句首引起。主語為this，正常語序為this is more true nowhere than in Europe。因為是兩個地點相比較，所以應(yīng)選擇能夠表示地點的詞nowhere。
　　31. (A)
　　pick up：get in a casual manler“無意地得到”，pick up a little money doing odd jobs“靠做零工弄到點錢”;step up“加緊”;put aside“儲存”;set aside“留出”，這兩個詞組雖然都可以和money連在一起使用，但從全句的角度去理解是不合適的。
　　32. (B)
　　impulse“沖動”;reaction“反應(yīng)”;response“回答”、“響應(yīng)”;instinct“本能”。
　　33. (A)
　　utilize“利用”;mobilize“動員”;acquire“獲得”，acquire knowledge(education)，不說acquire reserves;cultivate“培植”、“培育”。
　　34. (A)
　　speculate“推測、推斷”;estimate“估計”;evaluate“評估”、“評價”;anticipate“預(yù)期”、“預(yù)料”。
　　35. (B)
　　trim“裝飾”、“點綴”，trim a dress with lace“給衣服飾花邊”;ornament“裝飾”、“美化”，ornament a hall with paintings“用畫裝飾大廳”，ornament用在題句中意思沒有trim貼切;furnish“布置(房屋)”;decorate“裝璜”。
　　36. (C)
　　conscientiously“認真”、“一絲不茍地”;consecutively“連續(xù)地”、“連貫地”;successfully“成功地”;compulsorily“強制地”。句中前部分已有require your full attention，所以應(yīng)用conscientiously“認認真真專心地做才能使大腦擺脫日常煩惱和思考”。
　　37. (C)
　　unaccountably dear“極其昂貴(貴得無法計算)”;exceedingly，excessively“極其昂貴”、“過分地”;substantially“實質(zhì)性地”。這幾個詞習(xí)慣上不用來修飾dear。
　　38. (D)
　　seek employment“找工作”、“謀職”;obtain“獲得”，是尋找的結(jié)果;chase“追逐”、“追求”;explore“探索”、“探究”。
　　39. (B)
　　rampant“不能控制的”;rapid，speedy“迅速的”，迅速建造高層樓房并不一定會破壞城市的特色，用在句中意思不夠準確;random“胡亂的”、“任意的”。
　　40. (C)
　　isolate“隔離”、“分開”;dismiss“解散”、“解雇”;insulate“隔離”、“絕緣”;expel“驅(qū)逐”、“排出”。
　　Part Ⅱ Cloze Test
　　短文大意：由于黃金色澤美麗和不易損壞的特點，它一直是人們尋找并珍藏的寶貴物質(zhì)。在被用來鑄幣之前，人們就已了解了黃金自身的價值。黃金除了用作發(fā)行紙幣的儲備，還用于加工成首飾和鑲牙，它在現(xiàn)代科學(xué)技術(shù)領(lǐng)域里也有著廣泛的用途。
　　段首句譯文：“有史以來，黃金一直是人們熱切尋找并小心珍藏的寶貴物質(zhì)。”
　　41. (A) mined
　　雖然黃金有可能是最先被發(fā)現(xiàn)的或最先被買賣的金屬，但從上下文邏輯關(guān)系分析，由because引導(dǎo)的表示原因的從句提示，在這里B.discovered(發(fā)現(xiàn))和C.purchased(購買)都不合邏輯。黃金是一種天然物質(zhì)，并非人工制造，故D.manufactured(制造)也可排除。A.mined(開采、采礦)為惟一正確選擇。
　　42. (B) primitive
　　從上下文看，本段主要講古人對金子的認識及利用。另外，本句破折號后副詞even提示此處應(yīng)有讓步的含義，所以B.primitive(原始的、簡單的、粗糙的)為正確選擇。A.delicate(精細的、精致的、靈敏的)，C.sophisticated(復(fù)雜的)和D.ingenious(聰明的、天才的)都不合邏輯。
　　譯文：“由于黃金有美麗和不易損害的特性，并且由于可以用黃金制成美麗的物品——甚至可以用原始工具來制造，黃金很可能是最先被開采的金屬。”#p#分頁標題#e#
　　43. (D) totalled
　　本題主要考動詞用法。四個選擇項所給動詞都有“總計”、“總量為”的意思，但只有D.totalled 可作為及物動詞，是惟一正確選擇。
　　譯文：“然而，古人知道的黃金總量，很可能比位于南非的世界最大金礦的年開采量多不了多少。”
　　選項用法舉例：These figures add up to 2000.“這些數(shù)目加起來的總和是2000。”The food sums up to $1000.“這些食品總計1000元。”The company's reserve fund now amounts to $ 30000000.“這家公司的公積金現(xiàn)在達到了3000萬美元。”
　　44. (A) remains
　　本題考動詞用法。remain是不及物動詞，常用作系動詞，后面跟形容詞或名詞作表語，意為：“保持”、“依然”、“仍是”。
　　選項用法舉例：He remained silent.“他保持緘默。”Man remained a hunter for thousands of years.“人類靠狩獵為生達數(shù)千年之久。”He ate much but remained thin[KG*8].“他吃得很多但仍然很瘦。”After the fire,very little remained of my house[KG*8].“火災(zāi)后，寒舍所剩無幾。”
　　45. (A) exchange
　　B.exhibition(展覽)，C.expedition(遠征、探險)，D.excursion(短途旅行、游覽)與monetary(錢的、貨幣的)搭配使用都不合邏輯。A.exchange意為：“交換”、“兌換”、“交易”，在這里符合文意。
　　譯文：“黃金的內(nèi)在價值在它被用來鑄幣之前就已為人們所了解。在國際貨幣交易中，它仍是惟一被世界公認的價值標準。”
　　46. (B) refined
　　本題四個選項都是作定語用的動詞的過去分詞形式，應(yīng)辨清詞義。A.reformed通常指“改革”、“改造”、“改良”;B.refined指原材料的“提煉”、“加工”、“提純”;C.resolved有“分解”、“溶解”的意思;D.reclaimed指“回收”、“改造”、“開墾”。從上下文看，只有B.refined gold最合題意。
　　選項用法舉例：a reformed man，“一個改過自新的人”;to reform the world，“改造世界”;refined oil，“精油”;refined lead，“提煉過的鉛”;refined manners，“文雅的舉止”;to resolve chemical compounds by heat,“加熱分解化合物”;to resolve water into oxygen and hydrogen，“把水分解為氧和氫”;to reclaim land from the sea“填海造田”;to reclaim raw materials from industrial waste water,“從工業(yè)廢水中回收原料”;to reclaim somebody from error，“糾正某人的錯誤”。
　　47. (B) currency
　　根據(jù)常識可以判斷出，政府和銀行儲備黃金不是用來造紙(paper production)、分配紙張(paper distribution)或以其他材料代替紙張(paper replacement),故本題只有paper currency為正確選擇。
　　48. (C) increasing
　　本句中連詞but要求下半句與上半句表達的“大多數(shù)黃金……”呈轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故應(yīng)選C.increasing(增加)而不能選它的反義詞B.decreasing(減少)。A.stabilizing(穩(wěn)定)和D.recovering(恢復(fù))在這里都不能表達邏輯轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，不合文意。
　　譯文：“世界上絕大多數(shù)純金由各國政府和中央銀行收管以作為發(fā)行紙幣的黃金儲備，但用于藝術(shù)領(lǐng)域和工業(yè)生產(chǎn)的黃金總量也在日益增加。”
　　49. (D) addition
　　本題考詞組，除根據(jù)文意外還可以從搭配的角度分析。A.comparison,B.compensation,C.standardization都不能用于in…to的結(jié)構(gòu)。正確的搭配是：in comparison with(與……比較)，in compensation for(作為對……的補償)或in the standardization of (在……標準化的過程中)。只有D.addition可用于in …to結(jié)構(gòu)。in addition to意為：“除……之外”，符合文意。
　　50. (C) led to
　　黃金的特殊屬性和它在科技領(lǐng)域中的應(yīng)用這兩方面是因果關(guān)系，前者是因，故應(yīng)選C.led to(導(dǎo)致)。若選A.drawn from(獲取、自……提取)或B.derived from(得自、來自、起源于)則因果關(guān)系顛倒了。D.resort to意為：“求助”、“憑借”，在此不合文意。
　　譯文：“除了用作首飾、用來鍍金裝飾以及用于牙醫(yī)行業(yè)外，黃金的特性使它在現(xiàn)代科學(xué)技術(shù)領(lǐng)域里也得到了多項應(yīng)用。”
　　Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension
　　51. (B)
　　意為：“內(nèi)燃機(internal-combustion machine)作為主要能源在農(nóng)業(yè)上的應(yīng)用產(chǎn)生的巨大影響”。工業(yè)革命于19世紀60年代開始于英國，其主要推動力和標志是內(nèi)燃機的發(fā)明，表現(xiàn)形式是逐漸的機械化，農(nóng)業(yè)也不例外。文章第一段指出1850年后不久，機械化的影響逐漸展開，各種機器迅速投入使用，引起了人們的抵抗，因為他們懼怕因此會被機器代替，失去工作(rob them of their work)。下文列舉了犁、干草耙、裝草機、收割機、擠奶機等幾種重要機械農(nóng)具的發(fā)明，用以說明第一段第一句和最后一句所概括的內(nèi)容。最后一句可譯為：“以汽油作燃料的內(nèi)燃機成為農(nóng)具的主要動力(power source)”。
　　52. (C)
　　該詞原意為“焰火”、“高空火箭”，本句是一個比喻，意為：突然升起、猛漲。該句可譯為：“不久，使用的農(nóng)機具的數(shù)量猛增，這改變了農(nóng)耕的性質(zhì)。”
　　53. (C)
　　意為：“許多農(nóng)活還是用傳統(tǒng)方式做”。第四段指出，在拉丁美洲、非洲和東方(the Orient)許多人口密集的地區(qū)，使用人力和牲畜耕作比用機器便宜，農(nóng)業(yè)尚未機械化;農(nóng)業(yè)越多產(chǎn)越進步的地方，農(nóng)業(yè)革新的速度越快。但是，即使在今天，這些地區(qū)的大部分土地還要靠牲畜(draft animals)拉著原始的犁吃力地耕作。
　　54. (A)
　　意為：“某些地區(qū)未實現(xiàn)機械化是由于經(jīng)濟方面的原因”。最后一段指出，在某些地區(qū)實行機械化從本質(zhì)上來看并不僅是個文化問題，例如：熱帶土壤和作物與溫帶(temperate areas)明顯不同，所以，為溫帶設(shè)計的農(nóng)具不能用于熱帶，必須加以改造。但是，實現(xiàn)機械化最大的障礙是：落后國家的農(nóng)民害怕被機器代替(displaced)，失去謀生手段。后者是經(jīng)濟原因。
　　55. (B)
　　意為：“當貨物批量生產(chǎn)時”。第二段第一句指出，19世紀工業(yè)革命以后，產(chǎn)品的批量生產(chǎn)使得面對面的推銷方式(person?.to?.person selling)在推銷大多數(shù)產(chǎn)品時跟不上需要了，雖然這種方式此前曾行之有效。隨著火車(rail)和公路的建設(shè)，批量集散貨物成為現(xiàn)實，面對面的銷售顯得極為緩慢且成本高，同時，繼報紙、雜志等媒體(mass communication)后，收音機、電視機相繼問世，使大量的銷售進一步成為現(xiàn)實。廣告只不過是花錢利用各種大眾傳媒的時間和版面完成銷售或推銷的目的。
　　56. (A)
　　意為：“廣告與面對面直銷的方式本質(zhì)上沒什么區(qū)別”。該句可譯為：“可見，廣告只不過是花錢利用各種媒體的時間和版面完成銷售或推銷的目的。”
　　57. (C)
　　意為：“買不買做廣告的產(chǎn)品取決于消費者”。該句可譯為：“決定權(quán)在消費者手里。”第三段旨在說明廣告的作用：說服、勸誘消費者購買某種商品，如此而已，因為，買不買是消費者的事。prospect在此意為：(可能的)顧客、(潛在的)消費者。
　　58. (C)
　　意為：“廣告的益處”。第四段指出，廣告在給生產(chǎn)者帶來批量銷售的方式的同時，也為消費者帶來許多利益。本段第二、三、四句分別從產(chǎn)品價格、市場信息、傳媒價格三方面說明了廣告給消費者帶來的利益。
　　59. (D)
　　根據(jù)第一段第三、四句，1983年的貧困人口比例是15.2%，1973年是11.1%，1987年是13.5%。從第二段我們知道，1969年是12%。
　　60. (A)
　　文章第二段第一句指出，貧困線的確定是有爭議的。但從第二段中提到的兩個歷史階段所確定的貧困線來看，它們都有特別具體的規(guī)定，如1795年對貧困線的規(guī)定是：最低收入等于1加侖面包的價錢乘以3再加上養(yǎng)活受贍養(yǎng)者的開支。今天美國人口普查局將最低收入規(guī)定為：假設(shè)1/3用于購買食品，一個家庭的最低收入必須足以為家庭成員購得營養(yǎng)充足的食物。C不對。由以上的分析可見，最低收入不僅以實物(material)的形式確定，還以價格等形式確定。#p#分頁標題#e#
　　61. (A)
　　根據(jù)文章最后一句得知他們的理由是：窮人還享受食品和住房補貼、公共醫(yī)療等其他形式的補助。B意為：“社會從整體來講就不富裕。”
　　62. (A)
　　文章第一句指出，美國的80年代可以被看作是貧富人口俱增的時代。[CM(36]第二句分析了富裕戶增長的原因，第三句給出了貧困率增長的幅度。雖然存在著這兩[CM(36]方面的傾向，但就其總體而言(asawhole,見提問)，美國人的生活水平應(yīng)該是提高了的。
　　63. (A)
　　意為：“與舊有的觀點不一樣的意見”。第一段指出，隨著越來越多的婦女和少數(shù)民族進入高級管理層(the ranks of management)，他們越來越想談?wù)撘郧罢J為最好不說的事情。新來者也傾向于用新眼光(with a fresh eye)看辦公中的事情，有時對于公司培養(yǎng)(影響)人的做法提出批評。第二句提到了“新看法”，所以，第一句是好理解為：與舊有的觀點不一樣的意見。
　　64. (C)
　　意為：“讓上司知道你的工作干得是多么好”。這實際上是科爾曼的觀點。在第二段，作者引用了科爾曼的觀點，在他看來，人的成功百分之六十靠的是宣揚自己(exposure)，他認為，能做好工作的人今天司空見慣，雖然做好工作可能提高工資，但是卻不一定能帶來實質(zhì)性的晉升，晉升更多地取決于：有多少人了解你，了解你的工作，了解你的人在公司里地位的高低(how high up they are)。
　　65. (B)
　　意為：“不想讓人認為他們的晉升是出于性別和皮膚原因”。即：不想讓人誤以為老板是因為喜歡她或讓別人知道自己對不同膚色的人公平看待才給他們晉升的。最后一段指出，科爾曼的觀點是否有點荒唐呢?對于許多人來說，特別是對婦女和像科爾曼這樣的少數(shù)民族的人來說并不荒唐，因為他們感到自己已看到事情的本質(zhì)(the scales have dropped from their eyes)。賈米森在紐約做管理顧問，幫助公司處理這方面的事務(wù)，她說：“公司工作的婦女和黑人經(jīng)常有些錯誤認識，認為只要努力工作，就會有晉升的機會——領(lǐng)導(dǎo)層的人會下顧(reach down)，給你升職。婦女和黑人大都害怕人們會認為他們升職是因為自己的性別或膚色，所以他們盡量不出頭露面宣揚自己(play down their visibility)。”對于這些人，她的忠告是：學(xué)學(xué)男人白人們引人注目(find their way into the spotlight)的一貫做法。
　　66. (A)
　　意為：“引人注目的重要性”或“宣揚自己的重要性”。
　　67. (C)
　　本文從一個印第安人的角度，以非常形象的敘事方式，通過圓與方的對比，表達了印第安人對保留地(reservation)上的生活的不滿和對他們原生活方式的懷戀。這一點在第一、四段中表達得尤其清楚。A、D都不對。從第二、三段的敘述可以看出，印第安人懷戀的與其說是他們的物質(zhì)生活，不如說是他們原有的精神文化生活。
　　68. (B)
　　文章第二段第二句指出，在他們強盛幸福的日子里，他們的一切活動都在一個圓形的環(huán)境下進行。注意本段中的下列用詞：circle,round,hoop,unbroken。印第安人住的帳篷(tepee)也是圓形的，偉大的神靈讓他們在里面繁衍后代，代代不息(見第三段最后一句)。由此可見，“圓形”對印第安人來說象征著力量和他們失去的美好生活。
　　69. (D)
　　本段第四句是對第三句的詮釋，可見，這里four quarters指的是東西南北四方位，印第安人居其中并受益于四方。B意為：“被認為構(gòu)成萬物的四大元素”。許多民族認為世界萬物是由水、土、氣、火四元素構(gòu)成的(如古希臘人)。C不對。第三段才提到了周而復(fù)始、循環(huán)不已的四季，所以，這里不可能指四季。
　　70. (B)
　　這句意為:Wasichus將我們放置到這些“方盒子”(指第一段第二句中的little gray houses of logs)里。我們知道，美洲本來是印第安人的家園，白人到來后將他們驅(qū)趕走并最終給他們劃分了所謂的“保留地”。所以，這里the Wasichus當指白人。
　　Part IV English　Chinese Translation
　　短文大意： 人們錢夾中裝了不少信息技術(shù)產(chǎn)品，如支票卡、信用卡、旅行卡、電話卡。
　　目前全球有4.2億個Visa卡，價值7000億英鎊，預(yù)料到本世紀末，英國信用卡交易額將達到480億英鎊。
　　隨著技術(shù)的發(fā)展，信用卡上的磁條還是原始的技術(shù)，不夠安全，因為在電子產(chǎn)品商店購買的簡單掃描機都可以讀。
　　在智能卡和電子錢面世后，安全將不再是問題。
　　71. 這是一個簡單復(fù)合句。句架是The world of finance…has come up with…devices that…。that引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾devices。to make it easier to spend一直到句末是動詞不定式短語，引導(dǎo)目的狀語;just as important等于it is just as important as to keep track。句子中 in paticular作“特別地”講; come up with作“提出”講; make one's way作“前往”講; keep track 作“跟上……的進展”講。
　　72. 這是一個簡單句。句架是record a of the sum,the parties involved and the purpose must be made。為了避免頭重腳輕，把主語的定語都挪到謂語動詞后面去了。
　　73. 這里一個并列復(fù)合句，由and連接。句架是plastic money is big business，…and its total…is expected to reach…by…。前面句子中冒號后面的內(nèi)容是用來說明big business的，worth…可以理解為省略了which are的非限制性定語從句，修飾前面的事實。
　　74. 這是一個簡單復(fù)合句。句架是what…in the PIN。破折號后面的內(nèi)容是用來說明PIN的。句首what…到strip是名詞從句，在句中做主語。
　　句子中PIN即個人身份證號碼。
　　75. 這是一個簡單復(fù)合句。句架是when a card is…，a reader scans…，requests…，dispenses the cash。前面when……引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，后面的主句里是一個主語，四個并列的謂語。請注意，局面句子中all being well是獨立格分詞短語，作最后一個謂語的狀語。句子中ATM是自動提款機;motorized作“機動的”講;scan是“掃描”的意思;magnetic strip作“磁條”講。
　　Part V Writing (15 points)
　　參考范文
　　Twenty years ago，most Chinese did not know what a TV looked like;whereas today，TV viewing has become almost an indispensable part of family life.In fact，people enjoy it for good reasons.Above all，TV is a convenient and efficient medium for obtaining knowledge and information.Mysteries of science and miracles of technology are exposed through popular science programs;beautiful natural scenefies and persified traditions all over the world fascinate a good number of TV viewers;news stories and social phenomena are recounted and analyzed incisively….No means of mass media other than TV brings them more vividly to people.Besides，TV viewing is a cheap means of entertainment.Even if your wallet is thin，turn on TV and your dreams come true.You can travel around the world.You can watch films，plays，operas，and so on without buying a ticket.Neither do you pay for news reports，sports games，or soap operas.In a word，TV is both ready to serve the viewers and money-saving.
　　But every coin has two sides.TV is of no exception.For many people，TV viewing can be addictive.Many people turn on TV the instant they arrive home in the evening and do not turn it off until before they fall asleep late into night.Most of them complain that TV has taken up too great a part of their spare time.Furthermore，too much violence and sex will inevitably have bad effects on children，who are at the impressionable age，and may very likely follow suit.No doubt，negative effects such as these should be dealt with seriously.
　　Such being the case，shall we continue to watch TV or throw it away?My personal opinion is that we should certainly make good use of this technological miracle.We should watch TVprograms which really interest us and which are instructive.At the same time，inpidual viewers should determine what is worth watching and what is simply trash，and make intelligent choices.That is to say，you are the one to decide how much treasure or trash is conveyed to your house through the TV screen.

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