湖北學位英語語法詞匯練習題（13）

湖北學位英語語法詞匯練習題（13）

湖北學位英語語法詞匯練習題（13）介紹如下，對于英語基礎(chǔ)薄弱的同學來說，需要多加練習增強積累。

1、We'd better eliminate junk foods from our kitchen and keep a variety of high-quality foods _____ at all times.

A. available

B. desirable

C. enormous

D. numerous

A)?？疾樾稳菰~語義環(huán)境。四個選項的意思分別是：選項A)available現(xiàn)成可使用的，在手邊的，可利用的;選項B)desirable稱心如意的，值得有的，如I envy Jane because her job is so desirable. 我很羨慕簡，因為她有一份很稱心的工作。選項C)enormous巨大的，極大的，龐大的;選項D)numerous許多的，很多的，如：This is a conclusion he has drawn from numerous facts. 這是他從很多事實當中得出的結(jié)論。根據(jù)題干可判斷出選項A)應為正確答案。全句的意思為“我們應清除廚房里的垃圾食品，而使各種高質(zhì)量的食物隨手可及”。

2、Faced with rapid inflation and _____ international and home markets, many firms have declared bankrupt.

A. lessening

B. shortening

C. shrinking

D. withdrawing

C)?？疾榻x動詞的語義辨析。各選項的意思及用法分別是：選項A) lessening減少，減輕，側(cè)重指程度、重要性等的減輕。如：The defeat lessened our chances of winning the championship. 此次失敗使我們奪冠的希望變得更加渺茫。lessen the burden of減輕負擔;選項B) shortening縮短，變短，如The days are beginning to shorten. 天開始變短了。shorten the gap between縮小……之間的差距;選項C) shrinking使收縮，縮小，減少，側(cè)重指尺寸、大小等的變小。如：The number of students attending the lecture has shrunk. 聽講座的學生人數(shù)減少了。Will this soap shrink woolen clothes? 這種肥皂會使羊毛衣服縮水嗎?選項D) withdrawing收回，撤退，撤銷，如：After awhile, he withdrew his proposal. 過了一會兒，他撤回了他的提議。根據(jù)題意可判斷出選項C)應為正確答案。全句意思是“面對通貨膨脹和日益縮小的國際國內(nèi)市場，許多公司都已宜布破產(chǎn)”。

3、In the New World as in Europe, each region developed its own _____ pattern of culture.

A. distant

B. distinct

C. distinctive

D. dismissed

C.

[考點]形容詞辨析。distinct“清楚的，清晰的;明顯的，明確的;(～ from)種類不同的，分開的”;distinctive“特別的，有特色的”。

[譯文]在新世界如同在歐洲一樣，每一地區(qū)都形成了其自身的獨具特色的文化模式。

4、A. who

B. whom

C. him

D. that

B。

[考點]定語從句。本句中的引導詞在從句中充當賓語，故用賓格whom。

[譯文]在村子里有那么一個老頭，我們誰都不喜歡他。

5、You should have put the milk in the ice-box; I expect it _____ undrinkable by now.

A. became

B. had become

C. has become

D. becomes

Best Answer: C

詳解：答案為C。與by now, so far, tip to now這樣的短語連用時，謂語動詞用現(xiàn)在完成時。

6、The tendency to lie is perhaps _____ originally by imitations. It grows into a habit, unknown to its possessors.

A. taken to

B. taken over

C. taken in

D. taken up

Best Answer: D

詳解：答案為D。

take to表示“喜愛”;take over表示“接管”;take in表示“欺騙”;take up表示“接受，形成”。

7、There were no tickets _____ for Friday's performance.

A. preferable

B. considerable

C. possible

D. available

Best Answer: D

詳解：答案為D。詞形辨析和句意搭配題。以"-able"或"-ible"結(jié)尾的形容詞表示被動，意為“可……”或“值得……”的意思。preferable指“更可取的，更合意的”;considerable指“可觀的，相當多的;值得考慮的”。possible指“可能的”。

8、Don't _____ this news to the public until we give you the go-ahead.

A. release

B. relieve

C. relate

D. retain

Best Answer: A

詳解：答案為A。詞形辨析題。release news指“泄露消息。”其余不構(gòu)成搭配。relieve 指“減輕、緩解”。relate指“敘述、連接”;retain指“保留、維持”。

9、The actual _____ by which coal is extracted is well worth watching.

A. process

B. procession

C. pattern

D. conduct

Best Answer: A

詳解：答案為A。process表示“步驟，程度，制作方法”;procession表示“行進的隊伍”;pattern表示“模式，方式”;conduct表示“行為，方式”。

10、As a _____ president, his views are treated with respect when he is interviewed

A. prior

B. previous

C. late

D. former

Best Answer: D

詳解：答案為D。詞義辨析題。former指“前任的，前一個”，表示順序上的前一個;prior指“較早的”，“優(yōu)先的”是比較級形式，常和to連用，previous指“先前的，上文的”，表明時間和方位上的先后。late指“遲的，晚期的”，強調(diào)時間上的先后。

11、The current political _____ of our country is favorable for foreign investments.

A. climate

B. weather

C. temperature

D. state

查看/隱藏答案

Best Answer: A

詳解：應選A項。climate(可數(shù)名詞)意為“(一個地區(qū)或一個時期總的)氣候”;weather意為“(指每日每時的晴陰，溫度)天氣”;state意為“狀況，狀態(tài)”。

12、The angry teacher gave the order that nobody _____ the classroom before twelve.

A. would leave

B. left

C. had left

D. leave

查看/隱藏答案

Best Answer: D

詳解：應選D項。that引導order(命令)的同位語從句，從句用(should)do表示虛擬語氣。

13、Are there any other factors that might affect the development of a child _____ education and innate inability?

A. apart from

B. away from

C. far from

D. but for

Best Answer: A

詳解：應選A項。

apart from 除……之外，away from 遠離，far from 遠非，but for 要不是。

句意為：除了教育和先天的不足，還有什么其他因素會影響一個孩子的發(fā)展?

14、er humorous remarks seemed _____, but were in fact carefully prepared beforehand.

A. precise

B. blank

C. spontaneous

D. bold

Best Answer: C

詳解：應選C項。spontaneous 自發(fā)的;自然產(chǎn)生的，precise 精確的;準確的，blank 空白的;空著的，bold 大膽的。

句意為：她的幽默的評論看起來好像很自然，但是實際上是事先認真準備好的。

15、_____ the financial means to remain independent, Thomas Edison was compelled to seek employment as a night telegraph operator.

A. He was deprived of

B. Deprived of

C. That he was deprived of

D. Although he was deprived of

Best Answer: B

詳解：應選B項。過去分詞表原因作狀語，句意為：失去了保持獨立經(jīng)濟來源，愛迪生不得不當夜間電報員。

16、The firm will have to step _____ production if it is to defeat its competitors.

A. off

B. in

C. out

D. up

Best Answer: D

詳解：應選D項。step up意為“提高，加快”;step off意為“開步走，步量(距離)”;step in意為“介入，干涉;參加進來(幫忙)”;step out意為“走出去”。

17、After writing poetry unsuccessfully for several years, he was not certain whether to quit or _____ with his art.

A. if he should continue

B. he should continue

C. to be continued

D. to continue

Best Answer: D

詳解：應選D項。to continue與to quit并列。

18、They have made a _____ plan to build a suspension bridge over the river.

A. bald

B. bound

C. bold

D. bare

Best Answer: C

詳解：應選C項。

bold大膽的，bald光禿的，bound被束縛了的，bare赤裸的;無遮蓋的。

句意為：他們已做出了一個大膽的計劃要在這條河上建一所吊橋。

19、In the 1850's Harriet Beecher Stowe's "Uncle Tom's Cabin" became the best seller of the generation, _____ a host of imitators.

A. inspiring

B. inspired

C. inspired by

D. to inspire

Best Answer: A

詳解：應選A項。分詞短語做狀語。句意為：19世紀50年代，斯托的《湯姆叔叔的小屋》成為30年來的暢銷書，因而激起了一大群偽造者。

20、Jane's _____ for gardening is evident by all of these beautiful flowers.

A. acquaintance

B. familiarity

C. achievement

D. enthusiasm

Best Answer: D

詳解：應選D項。

enthusiasm熱衷，狂熱，acquaintance相識，familiarity熟悉，achievement成就，功績。

句意為：從這些漂亮的花可以明顯看出簡對園藝的熱衷。

21、Reading is to the mind _____ food is to the body.

A. what

B. that

C. similar

D. which

Best Answer: A

詳解：應選A項。

what是關(guān)系代詞，A is to B what C is to D，A對于B之間的關(guān)系猶如C對于D。

句意為：讀書對于大腦來說就像食物對于身體一樣。

22、I would never have encouraged you to go into this field _____ it would be so hard for you.

A. had I known

B. and I had known

C. should I know

D. but I knew

Best Answer: A

詳解：應選A項。

此句為虛擬語氣，如果條件從句中包含有一個助動詞，可把if省略，這時助動詞應放在主語前面。

句意為：要是我知道這件事情對你如此之難，我就不會鼓勵你進入這個領(lǐng)域。

23、Are there any other factors that might affect the development of a child ______ education and innate inability?

A. apart from

B. away from

C. far from D. but for

Best Answer: A

詳解：應選A項。

apart from除……之外，away from遠離，far from 遠非，but for要不是。

句意為：除了教育和先天的不足，還有什么其他因素會影響一個孩子的發(fā)展?

24、We drive our car fast and soon _____ other cars on the road.

A. oversee

B. overtake

C. overrun

D. override

Best Answer: B

詳解：

【譯文】我們開得很快，一會兒就超越了公路上的其他汽車。

【注釋】overtake“追上，趕上，超過”。oversee“俯瞰;監(jiān)督，監(jiān)視”。overrun“溢出;(侵略軍)橫行于”。override“奔越過，踐踏過;制服，壓倒”。

25、Professor Black and professor Smith will _____ in giving the class lectures.

A. alter

B. change

C. alternate

D. differ

BestAnswer:C

詳解：答案為C。alternate指“交替”;alter指“改變”。

26、The time has come _____ we make extensive use of nuclear energy.

A. When

B. while

C. as

D. since

Best Answer: A

詳解：答案為A。when引導的定語從句修飾time，有時為了使句子平衡，也就是使主語不必過長，而把定語從句或同位語從句后置于謂語之后。如：The news came that our team won the match.

27、Do you know the name of that _____ insect?

A. funny, little, red, mosquito-like

B. little, funny, mosquito-like, red

C. red, little, funny, mosquito-like

D. mosquito-like, red, little, funny

Best Answer: A

詳解：答案為A。本題考核修飾語的排列順序：限定詞—數(shù)詞—一般描繪性形容詞—表示大小、形狀的形容詞—表示年齡、新舊的形容詞—表示色彩的形容詞—表示國籍、地區(qū)、出處的形容詞—表示物質(zhì)、材料的形容詞—表示用途、類別的形容詞—被修飾名詞。了解個大概順序，如果記不得，只有讀幾遍憑語感來選擇。

28、Human beings are superior to animals _____ they can use language as a tool to communicate.

A. for which

B. in which

C. in that

D. for that

Best Answer: C

詳解：答案為C。in that表示“因為，既然”

29、The city government has determined to get _____ with people who try to escape paying taxes.

A. rough

B. tough

C. rigid

D. bold

B)?？疾樾稳菰~語義及搭配。能與介詞with搭配的只有選項B)tough，get tough with/on sb.意為“對……采取堅決態(tài)度;對……采用強硬手段”。其余選項的意思分別是：選項A)rough意為“粗糙的;粗野的，粗暴的;粗略的，大致的”;選項C)rigid(行為觀點等)嚴格的，死板的，不易改變的;選項D)bold意為“勇敢的，無畏的;冒失的，魯莽的”。全句的意思是“政府部門決心采取強硬手段來懲治偷稅人員”。

30、Some concepts may be difficult to grasp chiefly because they may be unfamiliar or _____ ideas, opinions which we already hold.

A. in accordance with

B. in conflict with

C. in favor of

D. in response to

B)?？疾榻樵~短語的語義。四個選項的意思分別是：選項A)in accordance with依照，根據(jù);選項B)in conflict with與……相沖突;選項C)in favor of支持，贊同;選項D)in response to作為對……的反應。根據(jù)題意可判斷出選項B)為正確答案。全句的意思為“一些觀念很難讓人領(lǐng)會主要是因為我們對其不熟悉或者是因為與我們原有的觀點相矛盾”。

31、The purpose of your resume is to _____ enough interest in you to have an employer contact you for an interview.

A. assemble

B. generate

C. yield

D. gather

B)?？疾閯釉~的語義辨析。各選項的意思分別是：選項A)assemble意為“集合，聚集，召集;裝配”，如：The whole school assembled in the main hall.全校學生在大禮堂集合。Before you assemble the model plane, read the instructions.在你組裝模型飛機前，先讀說明書。選項B)generate意為“生成，產(chǎn)生(光、熱、電等);引起(興趣等)”，如：News of the Queen's visit is generating a lot of excitement.女皇來訪的消息使大家感到非常興奮。選項C)yield意為“生產(chǎn)，產(chǎn)生(利潤、回報等);投降，屈服”，如：His business yields big profits.他的生意利潤豐厚。選項D)gather意為“聚集，集合;收集，采集”，如：Many people gathered in the town square.很多人聚集在市政廣場。該題需注意選項B)和選項C)在搭配上的區(qū)別。根據(jù)題意，選項B)應為正確答案。全句意思為是“簡歷就是要充分引起雇主對你的興趣，并達到進一步聯(lián)系面試的目的”。

32、We'd better eliminate junk foods from our kitchen and keep a variety of high-quality foods _____ at all times.

A. available

B. desirable

C. enormous

D. numerous

A)?？疾樾稳菰~語義環(huán)境。四個選項的意思分別是：選項A)available現(xiàn)成可使用的，在手邊的，可利用的;選項B)desirable稱心如意的，值得有的，如I envy Jane because her job is so desirable.我很羨慕簡，因為她有一份很稱心的工作。選項C)enormous巨大的，極大的，龐大的;選項D)numerous許多的，很多的，如：This is a conclusion he has drawn from numerous facts.這是他從很多事實當中得出的結(jié)論。根據(jù)題干可判斷出選項A)應為正確答案。全句的意思為“我們應清除廚房里的垃圾食品，而使各種高質(zhì)量的食物隨手可及”。

33、Faced with rapid inflation and _____ international and home markets, many firms have declared bankrupt.

A. lessening

B. shortening

C. shrinking

D. withdrawing

C)。考查近義動詞的語義辨析。各選項的意思及用法分別是：選項A)lessening減少，減輕，側(cè)重指程度、重要性等的減輕。如：The defeat lessened our chances of winning the championship.此次失敗使我們奪冠的希望變得更加渺茫。lessen the burden of減輕負擔;選項B)shortening縮短，變短，如The days are beginning to shorten.天開始變短了。shorten the gap between縮小……之間的差距;選項C)shrinking使收縮，縮小，減少，側(cè)重指尺寸、大小等的變小。如：The number of students attending the lecture has shrunk.聽講座的學生人數(shù)減少了。Will this soap shrink woolen clothes?這種肥皂會使羊毛衣服縮水嗎?選項D) withdrawing收回，撤退，撤銷，如：After awhile, he withdrew his proposal.過了一會兒，他撤回了他的提議。根據(jù)題意可判斷出選項C)應為正確答案。全句意思是“面對通貨膨脹和日益縮小的國際國內(nèi)市場，許多公司都已宜布破產(chǎn)”。

34、Last night he saw two dark _____ enter the building, and then there was the explosion.

A) features

B) figures

C) sketches

D) images

[答案] B

[譯文] 昨天晚上他看見兩個黑影進了大樓，然后就發(fā)生了爆炸。

[解析] Feature 表示“特征，特點”;sketch的意思是“素描，梗概，草圖”;image表示“形象”;而figure表示“外形，輪廓，體型”，符合上下文。

35、It is obvious that this new rule is applicable to everyone without _____.

A) exception

B) exclusion

C) modification

D) substitution

[答案] A

[譯文] 很明顯，這條規(guī)定適用于任何人，沒有例外。

[解析] Without exception為固定搭配，表示“毫無例外，無一例外”。Exclusion表示“排除，排外”;modification的意思是“更改，修正”;substitution表示“替代”。

36、Last night he saw two dark _____ enter the building, and then there was the explosion.

A. features

B. figures

C. sketches

D. images

[答案] B

[譯文] 昨天晚上他看見兩個黑影進了大樓，然后就發(fā)生了爆炸。

[解析] Feature表示“特征，特點”;sketch的意思是“素描，梗概，草圖”;image表示“形象”;而figure表示“外形，輪廓，體型”，符合上下文。

37、Faced with rapid inflation and _____ international and home markets, many firms have declared bankrupt.

A. lessening

B. shortening

C. shrinking

D. withdrawing

[答案] C。

考查近義動詞的語義辨析。各選項的意思及用法分別是：選項Alessening減少，減輕，側(cè)重指程度、重要性等的減輕。如：The defeat lessened our chances of winning the championship. 此次失敗使我們奪冠的希望變得更加渺茫。lessen the burden of減輕負擔;選項Bshortening縮短，變短，如The days are beginning to shorten.天開始變短了。shorten the gap between縮小……之間的差距;選項Cshrinking使收縮，縮小，減少，側(cè)重指尺寸、大小等的變小。如：The number of students attending the lecture has shrunk.聽講座的學生人數(shù)減少了。Will this soap shrink woolen clothes?這種肥皂會使羊毛衣服縮水嗎?選項D withdrawing收回，撤退，撤銷，如：After awhile, he withdrew his proposal.過了一會兒，他撤回了他的提議。根據(jù)題意可判斷出選項C應為正確答案。全句意思是“面對通貨膨脹和日益縮小的國際國內(nèi)市場，許多公司都已宜布破產(chǎn)”。

38、We'd better eliminate junk foods from our kitchen and keep a variety of high-quality foods _____ at all times.

A. available

B. desirable

C. enormous

D. numerous

[答案] A。

考查形容詞語義環(huán)境。四個選項的意思分別是：選項Aavailable現(xiàn)成可使用的，在手邊的，可利用的;選項Bdesirable稱心如意的，值得有的，如I envy Jane because her job is so desirable.我很羨慕簡，因為她有一份很稱心的工作。選項Cenormous巨大的，極大的，龐大的;選項Dnumerous許多的，很多的，如：This is a conclusion he has drawn from numerous facts.這是他從很多事實當中得出的結(jié)論。根據(jù)題干可判斷出選項A應為正確答案。全句的意思為“我們應清除廚房里的垃圾食品，而使各種高質(zhì)量的食物隨手可及”。

39、The purpose of your resume is to _____ enough interest in you to have an employer contact you for an interview.

A. assemble

B. generate

C. yield

D. gather

[答案] B。

考查動詞的語義辨析。各選項的意思分別是：選項Aassemble意為“集合，聚集，召集;裝配”，如：The whole school assembled in the main hall.全校學生在大禮堂集合。Before you assemble the model plane, read the instructions.在你組裝模型飛機前，先讀說明書。選項Bgenerate意為“生成，產(chǎn)生光、熱、電等;引起興趣等”，如：News of the Queen's visit is generating a lot of excitement.女皇來訪的消息使大家感到非常興奮。選項Cyield意為“生產(chǎn)，產(chǎn)生利潤、回報等;投降，屈服”，如：His business yields big profits.他的生意利潤豐厚。選項Dgather意為“聚集，集合;收集，采集”，如：Many people gathered in the town square.很多人聚集在市政廣場。該題需注意選項B和選項C在搭配上的區(qū)別。根據(jù)題意，選項B應為正確答案。全句意思為是“簡歷就是要充分引起雇主對你的興趣，并達到進一步聯(lián)系面試的目的”。

40、They are going to have the serviceman _____ an electric fan in the office tomorrow.

A. install

B. to install

C. to be installed

D. installed

[譯文] 他們準備讓勤雜工明天在辦公室安裝一臺電扇。

答案為A. 本題是一道語法測試題。我們知道使役動詞，have、let、make后面的動詞不定式作賓語時，應省略to，本句由應有have sb. do sth. 故我們選A)項。